選詞填空在四級考試中占據(jù)百分之五的比重，雖說分支看似不大，但是這一部分如果把握住技巧，拿分卻是相對容易的，下面小編告訴你英語判斷詞性的方法，大家一起來看看吧!
英語判斷詞性的方法：
判斷名詞
名詞一般充當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語。常見結(jié)構(gòu)為：
結(jié)構(gòu)1：冠詞+_______。
結(jié)構(gòu)2：形容詞+_______。
結(jié)構(gòu)3：及物動詞+_______。名詞充當(dāng)動詞的賓語。
結(jié)構(gòu)4：介詞+_______。名詞充當(dāng)介詞的賓語。
例：Although these educators may have (及物動詞) good (形容詞) _______, their advice to families is misguided, and it stems from misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition.
判斷動詞
動詞可充當(dāng)任何成分：動詞一般作謂語，其分詞結(jié)構(gòu)和不定式結(jié)構(gòu)可作主語、賓語、定語、狀語或補(bǔ)語。常見結(jié)構(gòu)為：
結(jié)構(gòu)1：名詞+_______+名詞。空格前的名詞作主語，空格后的名詞作賓語，所填詞充當(dāng)謂語動詞，且為及物動詞。
結(jié)構(gòu)2：名詞+_______(+副詞/介詞)?？崭袂暗拿~作主語，所填詞充當(dāng)謂語動詞，且為不及物動詞。
結(jié)構(gòu)3：have/has/had/be+_______?？崭裉帪閯釉~的分詞形式，與have/has/had構(gòu)成完成時態(tài);與be構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時態(tài)或被動語態(tài)。
結(jié)構(gòu)4：(連詞+)_______+其它非主要成分，+一個結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子?？崭裉幒芸赡転閯釉~過去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。過去分詞表示與其邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系;現(xiàn)在分詞表示與其邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系。
例：Since children (主語) from poor families often are (助動詞) _______ as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate.
判斷形容詞
形容詞一般充當(dāng)定語、表語或補(bǔ)語。常見結(jié)構(gòu)為：
結(jié)構(gòu)1：(不定冠詞/定冠詞+)_______+名詞。形容詞作定語修飾名詞。
結(jié)構(gòu)2：be/get等系動詞(+副詞)+_______。形容詞作表語。
結(jié)構(gòu)3：make等使役動詞+名詞+_______。形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
例：Teachers consider learning two languages to be (系動詞) too (副詞) _______ for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations.
判斷副詞
副詞一般充當(dāng)狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。常見結(jié)構(gòu)為：
結(jié)構(gòu)1：_______+動詞，或者動詞+_______，句中主謂賓齊全。副詞修飾動詞。
結(jié)構(gòu)2：_______+形容詞，或者形容詞+_______，句中主謂賓齊全。副詞修飾形容詞。
結(jié)構(gòu)3：_______，+一個結(jié)構(gòu)完整的句子。副詞作狀語，修飾整個句子。
例：Educators may fear that children (主語) hearing two languages will become (系動詞) _______ confused (形容詞，作表語) and thus their language development will be delayed.
判斷英語詞性的方法：
一.怎樣確定名詞：一般情況下在下列結(jié)構(gòu)中我們可確定所缺空應(yīng)為名詞
◇1.a/an/the +(adj.)+ 名詞; a/the book; the rich the disabled the Smiths
◇2.adj.+名詞; a big stone; a long river; interesting books
◇3.adv.+ adj.+名詞; a very honest boy
◇4.介詞+名詞; in the room; under construction
◇5.形容詞性物主代詞+名詞; my surprise; his honesty
◇6. 數(shù)詞+名詞; five girls;
◇7.缺的詞在句中為主語，表語，賓語時多為名詞。 They have books.
及時練習(xí)1：
1.There has been a 30% growth in the ____(市場) for personal computers. 3.He has discovered a lot of ___________ (發(fā)現(xiàn)) in science .
5.I am sorry that I can’t attend the __________(講座) on American history . 6.She started as a successful merchant but ended up as a __________(乞丐). 7.There was a surprised _____________(表情)on her face .
8.Our city has experienced great ___________(變化)in the past few years 9.Please give my _________(祝賀)when you see her .
10.Jack took a deep _____________ (呼吸)and then dived into the water. 11.Oliver was unable to give police a ______________(描述)of his attack . 12.The car was a ____________(廉價貨)at the price.
及時練習(xí)2：指出下列文中的名詞：
In the early 1990s, the word “Internet” was strange to most people. But today, Internet has become a useful tool for people all over the world. Maybe Internet has been the greatest invention in the field of communication in the history of mankind(人類).
Communicating with others on the Internet is much faster. We can chat with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world. We can e-mail our friends and they can read the e-mails within a minute.
Giving all kinds of information is probably the biggest advantage of the Internet. We can use search engines to find the information we need. Just type in a keyword or keywords and the search engine will give us a list of suitable websites to look at.
We can enjoy a lot on the Internet by downloading games, visiting chat rooms or surfing (瀏覽)websites. There are some games for free. We can meet new and interesting people in the chat now. We can also listen to music and see films.
二.怎樣確定名詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù);可數(shù)或不可數(shù)
§確定名詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)的方法：
1.由名詞前面的數(shù)詞: 1. I have several ______ (書) on the shelf. 2. This bus can carry 60 (乘客).
2.由名詞后的動詞單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)(即主謂一致): The _____ (建議) are reasonable and some of us will accept them.
3.由句意: Our ______ (教授) held a meeting about how to improve our English.
What is the best-known chain of fast-food (餐館)in the world.
※及時練習(xí)3：判斷下列名詞正誤：
1. They often have fish, meat and vegetable for supper. 2. Mrs. Smith gets well along with her neighbor. 3. They had only three meal of soup every day.
4. Dickens wrote Oliver Twist in the year 1837 - 1838. 5. His new play was a great succeed.
6. The animals are useful to the desert people in many way.
7. As he explored the sea，he took picture and videos of many thing that people had never seen before.
8. They were given kinds of breakfast，and sometimes they got no breakfast at all.
9. School child walked with their shirts，coats and anything else they could find pulled up over their nose.
10. The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over disease. 11. Too many trees have been cut this years.
12. They use camels for carrying water，food，tents and another things.
英語判斷詞性的方法：
先說名詞
由動詞派生的名詞
1動作名詞(傳統(tǒng)語法歸為抽象名詞)-tion -ment -al -ure -ance -age
比如admiration competation preference assistance exposure refusal payment
2動作者名詞(這個你應(yīng)該比較清楚)-er -or -ar -ee
3動名詞(這個很普遍,已經(jīng)進(jìn)入語法概念) -ing 由形容詞派生的名詞
1-ness, goodness illness happiness greatness
2-ity,purity ability possibility
3-th, depth width warmth
4-ence, silence patience excellence 5-dom, freedom boredom wisdom
由名詞派生的名詞(雖然詞性沒變,但也是派生的一部分,只是提下吧)
下面是動詞
這個我記的不多,我一般是以動詞作為單詞的原貌去記,如果再分解前后綴,我就覺得陌生了.
前綴 mis-表示壞,錯誤,否定的前綴,在元音前; dis- 分開 分離 否定 in- 否定 與...相反;
re- 又 再 ......比如reread misuse dislike 后綴
1-ate -ute altenate communicate attribute
2-en darken thicken widen harden fasten lessen redden 都是變什么什么
3-ify -efy 意思是使之什么什么化 purify simplify beautify rarefy
4-ize -yze(英英用ise yse) modernize analyze
5-ish abolish banish vanish
6-er remember whisper glitter transfer
形容詞這個比較多,也比較靈活
1-able -ible 加在及物動詞后,一般是可什么什么的 比如 eatable可以吃的 audible可聽見的
2-al 表示 屬于.../有什么什么屬性 natural cultural national global
3-ate 表示性質(zhì)狀態(tài) fortunate coordinate
4-en 加在物質(zhì)名詞上. golden wooden earthen
5-ful 加在動詞,名詞上 意為 充滿 beautiful hopeful useful joyful
6-ic -ical這兩種后綴的區(qū)別似乎高中要考,你可以翻詞典,記下 historic historical electric electrical economic economical philosophic philosophical
7-ish 用于 民族專有名詞后,用在普通名詞后有輕蔑意味 British English Spanish Irish childish foolish girlish selfish boyish
8-less 表示沒有 homeless colorless hopeless careless
9-like childlike manlike motherlike womanlike ladylike
10-ly 有....性質(zhì)(這個后綴很多是副詞,是形容詞是少數(shù))friendly childly manly motherly
11-ous 表示充滿 dangerous courageous famous continuous
12-some 表示引起 bothersome troublesome handsome middlesome
13-y 表示多 windy frosty rainy snowy sunny funny muddy icy
14-ive -ative 表示有.....傾向 active progressive imaginative comprehensive
15-etic表示性質(zhì) energetic synthetic poetic magnetic
16-ant -ent pleasant tolerant different
17-ary -ory 表示 ....的 contrary elementary preparatory
18-id 表示性質(zhì) acid liquid humid florid splendid horrid
19-ed 名詞后,加在動詞后是另一回事aged skilled talented cultured gifted 20-ing -ed 動詞后 分詞作形容詞 interesting amazing amazed interested
英語中的詞性判斷：
一、詞性的分類
詞類又叫詞性，英語單詞根據(jù)其在句子中的功用，可以分成十個大類。
1.名詞 noun n. student 學(xué)生
2.代詞 pronoun pron. you 你
3.形容詞 adjective adj. happy 高興的
4.副詞 adverb adv. quickly 迅速地
5.動詞 verb v. cut 砍、割
6.數(shù)詞 numeral num. three 三
7.冠詞 article art. a 一個
8.介詞 preposition prep. at 在...
9.連詞 conjunction conj. and 和
10.感嘆詞 interjection interj. oh 哦
前六類叫實詞，后四類叫虛詞。
二、代詞
代詞pronoun簡稱pron是代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。英語中的代詞，按其意義、特征及在句中的作用分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、關(guān)系代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞九種
人稱代詞的用法：
I saw her with them， at least， I thought it was her.
我看到她和他們在一起，至少我認(rèn)為是她。(her做賓語，them做介詞賓語，her作主補(bǔ))
a. -- Who broke the vase?--誰打碎了花瓶?
b. -- Me.--我。(me作主語補(bǔ)語= It’s me.)
并列人稱代詞的排列順序
1) 單數(shù)人稱代詞并列作主語時，其順序為：
第二人稱 -> 第三人稱 -> 人稱you -> he/she; it -> I
2) 復(fù)數(shù)人稱代詞作主語時，其順序為：
人稱 -> 第二人稱 -> 第三人稱we->you ->They
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