時態(tài)(tense)是一種動詞形式,不同的時態(tài)用以表示不同的時間與方式。在英語考試中,時態(tài)題是必 考的內(nèi)容。下面是小編收集整理的初中英語現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)練習(xí)題及,大家一起來看看吧!
初中英語現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)練習(xí)題及:
1. —______ my glasses?
—Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you see C. Would you see D. Have you seen
分析:D?,F(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響:問話人的目的是想知道眼鏡在哪里。又如:
—Have you waited long? 你等了很久嗎?
—No, I just arrived five minutes ago. 沒等多久,我剛到五分鐘。
2. I wonder why Jenny ______ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.
A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write C. won’t write D. hadn’t written
分析:A。由 recently 和 by now 可知用現(xiàn)在完成時。又如:
I’ve been on rather too many planes and trains recently. 近來我乘飛機(jī)和火車次數(shù)太多了。
We haven’t seen enough of Ray and Barbara recently. 近來, 我們沒怎么看見雷和巴巴拉。
3. John and I ______ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we ______ each other a couple of times before that.
A. had been; has seen B. have been; have seen
C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen
分析:D。到目前為止成為朋友八年,用現(xiàn)在完成時; 在那次晚會相識成為朋友之前已經(jīng)見過幾次面,用過去完成時。又如:
I have had this car for ten years. 這輛車我已經(jīng)了十年了。
I haven’t seen Tom for two years. 我已經(jīng)有兩年沒見到湯姆了。
I’ve lived in Central London for six years now, so I’m used to the noise. 到目前為止,我已在倫敦中區(qū)住了6年,已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于那里的喧鬧聲了。
4. —How long ______ David and Vicky ______ married?
—For about four years.
A. were; being B. have; got C. have; been D. did; get
分析:C。由 For about four years 可知,要用現(xiàn)在完成時,排除 A 和 D; 與時間段連用,不可用 get married, 要用 be married。又如:
I’ve worn glasses for ten years. 我戴眼鏡已經(jīng)十年了。
The Kenways have lived here for five years. 肯威家在這兒已經(jīng)住了5年了。
5. How can you possibly miss the news? It ______ on TV all day long.
A. has been B. had been C. was D. will be
分析:A。信息句為一般現(xiàn)在時,根據(jù)后句中all day long判斷,這顯然是強(qiáng)調(diào)播放新聞對現(xiàn)在的影響,故選現(xiàn)在完成時。又如:
We have waited all day. 我們等了整整了。
I haven’t seen her all day. 我一整天都沒看見她。
I’ve had a headache all day. 我整天都感到頭痛。
通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用的典型詞語:
since表示“自從……以來”時,無論是用作介詞、連詞還是副詞,since都通常要與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。如:
I’ve had nothing to eat since lunchtime. 從午飯時間到現(xiàn)在我什么都沒吃。
We’ve lost a lot of custom since our prices went up. 自從提價以后,我們失去了許多顧客的生意。
I met him last autumn and haven’t seen him ever since. 我去年秋天碰見過他,打那以后就一直沒有見過他。
句中的since為介詞,其后接名詞作賓語,句子時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時have had;第三句中的since為連詞,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,主句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時have lost;第三句中的since為副詞,其后不接任何詞語,句子時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時haven’t seen。
但是,當(dāng)since從句的主句表示時間長度時,主句謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替現(xiàn)在完成時。如:
It’s a long time since they left. 他們走后很久了。
It is ten years since he left here. 他離開這兒已10年了。
由于主句表示的是時間長度a long time和ten years,所以主句謂語中的現(xiàn)在完成時has been也可換成一般現(xiàn)在時is。雖然兩種時態(tài)都可以用,但在口語中人們通常還是喜歡用比較簡單的一般現(xiàn)在時。
英語現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的用法:
一、如何理解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時
顧名思義,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時就是指說話時正在進(jìn)行的動作或發(fā)生的情況。如漢語說的“我在看書”“他在吃飯”“火車在行駛”“秘書在打字”等,在英語中都要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行進(jìn)來表達(dá),因為它們所涉及的動作在說話的時刻都正在進(jìn)行。
二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成與用法
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時由“am / is / are + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。如:
She is still sleeping. 她還在睡覺。
We are waiting for the rain to stop. 我們在等雨停。
They are playing quietly now. 他們在安靜地玩著。
過去完成時用法:
1. 表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法
過去完成除表示“過去的過去”外,還可表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的想法和打算,通常連用的動詞是 want, think, hope, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose 等:
I had meant to come, but something happened. 我本想來,但有事就沒有來。
I had hoped to send him a Christmas card, but I forgot to do so. 我本來希望寄給他一張圣誕卡的,但我忘了寄了。
2. 過去完成時用于特殊句式
在hardly [scarcely, barely]…when [before]…和no sooner…than…等句式中,主句通常要用過去完成時,而從句則通常要用一般過去時。這類句式均表示“一……就……”。如:
I had hardly closed my eyes when the telephone rang. 我剛合上眼,鈴就響了。
I had no sooner checked into the hotel than he arrived. 我一住進(jìn)旅館,他就到了。
溫馨提示
溫馨提示